STRATEGIES AND PROGRESS IN STABILIZING INORGANIC PEROVSKITE SOLAR CELLS FOR LONG-TERM OPERATION

Abstract

Inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted significant attention over the past six years due to their remarkable optoelectronic properties and potential for commercialization. Considerable progress has been made in developing advanced fabrication strategies to improve both the efficiency and stability of inorganic PSCs. Within a short time, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of inorganic PSCs has increased from ~9.7% to over 20%, highlighting their promise as next-generation photovoltaic devices. However, their practical outdoor applications remain limited by intrinsic instability and degradation under environmental stresses such as oxygen, moisture, temperature fluctuations, ultraviolet irradiation, and processing solvents. These stability challenges must be addressed to achieve long-term durability, reproducibility, and reliable performance, which are essential for the successful transition of PSCs from laboratory research to industrial-scale commercialization. This review summarizes the current understanding of chemical stability in inorganic PSCs, focusing on degradation mechanisms under various conditions and highlighting potential strategies to enhance their stability for future applications.