PREVALENCE OF SACROILIAC JOINT DYSFUNCTION PAIN AND FEAR-RELATED BELIEFS IN PREGNANT FEMALES

Abstract

Background: Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction is a common cause of lumbopelvic pain during pregnancy, influenced by hormonal, biomechanical, and psychological factors. Fear-avoidance beliefs about avoiding pain can contribute to increased pain perception and reduced mobility in pregnant women.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of sacroiliac joint pain and fear-related beliefs in pregnant females.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Layyah, Punjab, with a sample size of 80 pregnant females aged 18–45 years, were selected using a non-probability purposive sampling technique. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Sacroiliac joint dysfunction was assessed using the Thigh Thrust Test, pain intensity was measured using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and fear avoidance beliefs were assessed using the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ).

Results: The mean age of the participants was 34.83 ± 5.15 years. The mean pain intensity (according to the Numerical Pain Rating Scale) was 2.13 ± 0.78, indicating overall mild pain; however, the frequency distribution showed that a significant proportion of participants experienced moderate (49.3%) to severe (34.2%) pain. Participants demonstrated mild to moderate fear-avoidance beliefs. A weak, statistically significant positive correlation was observed between pain intensity and fear-based pain avoidance beliefs (r = 0.264, p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Sacroiliac joint pain and fear of symptoms leading to pain avoidance are common among pregnant women. Although the relationship between pain and psychological factors is weak, it is statistically significant, indicating the importance of addressing both physical and psychological aspects in treatment strategies.