DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN PAKISTAN: CYBER-SECURITY LAWS, DIGITAL MEDIA, AND YOUTH GIG WORKERS – ASSESSING AWARENESS, VULNERABILITIES, AND ECONOMIC IMPACT (2024-25)

Abstract

The rapid digital transformation in Pakistan has increased youth gig workers' reliance on technology, exposing them to cyber threats that may impact their economic well-being. This qualitative study examines the perceptions, awareness, and experiences of youth gig workers in Pakistan concerning cyber security laws, digital media, and online safety. Semi-structured interviews with 15 participants aged 20-24 from economics, IT, computer science, and commerce backgrounds actively engaged in online work and were conducted. Findings reveal that despite moderate to high cyber security awareness, gaps in safe practices persist, with risky behaviors like password sharing and clicking unknown links prevalent. Peer influence and social learning drive security behavior more than formal education. Participants acknowledged cyber threats' economic impact, but reporting rates remained low, possibly due to distrust or lack of awareness. The study proposes an inductive framework outlining relationships between internet usage, privacy practices, risk perception, and economic impact, as well as the influence of information sources, peer influence, and safety intentions on economic outcomes. Findings highlight the need for targeted education, policy enforcement, and awareness campaigns to address the awareness-action gap and safeguard youth gig workers' economic well-being in Pakistan's evolving digital landscape.