AWARENESS OF BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT AMONG NURSES IN SHARIF MEDICAL CITY HOSPITAL LAHORE, PAKISTAN

Abstract

Background: Biomedical waste management (BMWM) is a critical issue in healthcare settings. It refers to waste generated during the diagnosis, treatment, or immunization of humans or animals, as well as from related research activities. Improper handling and disposal of biomedical waste, especially in developing countries, increases the risk of hospital-acquired infections and epidemics. Appropriate disposal practices can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality.

Objective: To assess the awareness of biomedical waste management among nurses in Sharif Medical City Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over six months (August 2022–January 2023). A total of 109 nurses, selected through a convenient sampling technique, participated. Data were collected using a structured, close-ended questionnaire assessing knowledge, awareness, and practices regarding biomedical waste management. Descriptive statistics were applied using SPSS version 20.

Results: Most participants (92.7%) were aware of the colorcoding system for biomedical waste segregation, while 5.5% lacked this knowledge. Regarding safe practices, 54.1% reported recapping used needles—a practice discouraged due to the risk of needle-stick injuries—while 44% did not recap, and 1.8% were indifferent. Although general knowledge of biomedical waste management was satisfactory, gaps were observed in practical implementation, particularly in safe sharps disposal.

Conclusion: The study found that nurses possessed adequate knowledge about biomedical waste segregation; however, unsafe practices such as needle recapping persisted. Regular training sessions, strict supervision, and hospital-wide awareness programs are recommended to improve compliance with biomedical waste management protocols and reduce occupational and environmental hazards.