AFGHANISTAN–PAKISTAN RELATIONS AND REGIONAL SECURITY DYNAMICS AFTER THE TALIBAN TAKEOVER OF AFGHANISTAN IN THE 2021

Abstract

The 2021 Taliban takeover of Afghanistan significantly altered regional security dynamics, with profound implications for Afghanistan–Pakistan relations. This study examines the evolving bilateral interactions, security challenges, and geopolitical ramifications in the aftermath of the Taliban’s ascendancy. Using a qualitative approach based on secondary data from government reports, scholarly articles, and regional policy analyses, the research identifies key areas of concern, including cross-border militancy, refugee flows, and regional diplomatic engagement. Findings indicate that while Pakistan’s strategic engagement with the Taliban offers opportunities for mediation and economic cooperation, persistent threats from non-state actors and humanitarian pressures underscore the complexity of regional security. The study highlights the necessity of integrated security, diplomatic, and humanitarian strategies to promote stability in South and Central Asia. Implications for policymakers include the need for enhanced border management, multilateral cooperation, and sustainable refugee frameworks.