Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): Policy Research Journal

View Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): Policy Research Journal

Published: 2026-03-03

Articles

ASSESSING VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTIVE CAPACITY: CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION STRATEGIES AMONG SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN BANNU DISTRICT, PAKISTAN

Waleed Kiramat, Waseem Ur Rahman, Samra Khalid, Muhammad Kashif, Absar Ul Hassan

1-12
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REGIONALISM FROM WITHIN: THE ENDOGENOUS CHALLENGES TO SOUTH ASIAN FUNCTIONAL INTEGRATION

Asma Siddiq, Saman Rani

13-23
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THE ROLE OF GREEN FINANCE AND FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN ADVANCING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: INSIGHTS FROM A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS

Ms. Nimra Riaz, Dr Ali Salman, Shan Ali, Dr. Hamad Raza, Dr. Ahsan Riaz

24-46
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EXPLORING BUSINESS SCHOOLS’ READINESS FOR SMART HRM 4.0: CURRICULUM TRANSFORMATION AND PEDAGOGICAL INNOVATION

Hamid Hussain, Dr. Muhammad Asif Ali, Dr. Muhammad Sufyan, Dr. Faisal Khan

47-64
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IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON SOFTWARE PROJECT LEADERSHIP AND TEAM PERFORMANCE

Ariba Afzal, Nasir Umar, Rabia Hassan, Rabia Ikhlaq, Naeem Aslam, Muhammad Akhter

65-76
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AGILE VS. WATERFALL: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS IN SOFTWARE PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Sarim Javed, Nasir Umar, Muhammad Haseeb Ur Rehman, Hussain Farooq, Naeem Aslam, Muhammad Akhter

77-86
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MANAGING SOFTWARE PROJECT COSTS: TECHNIQUES AND BEST PRACTICES

Muhammad Noman, Nasir Umar, M Saad Baig, Kaleem Atique, Naeem Aslam, Muhammad Akhter

87-97
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HYBRIDITY AND AMBIVALENCE IN SAADAT HASAN MANTO’S TOBA TEK SINGH: A POSTCOLONIAL ANALYSIS OF PARTITION IDENTITY

Yasin Danish, Saleha Khalil, Iftikhar khan

98-108
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POLICY BRIEF ON PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE ASSEMBLY PRACTICES IN PAKISTAN: POLICY PATHWAYS FOR TRACTOR ENGINE TESTING AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Abdul Rehman, Haseeb Ahmed Fiaz, Anum Nawaz, Muhammad Mazhar Iqbal, Tayyaba Naz, Muhammad Amjid, Hafsah Sadia, Iqra Ghafoor, Shah Nawaz, Hafiz Abu Bakar

109-112
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EXPLORING THE POTENTIAL KEY FACTORS TO ANALYZE THE IMPACT OF AI IN BUSINESS DECISION MAKING

Muhammad Ahmad, Sabeen Fyyaz, Kinza Mustansar, Muhammad Arslan Sarwar

113-122
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SEISMIC PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDINGS IN HIGH-RISK ZONES

Zeeshan Haider, Gohar Nadeem

123-132
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ELECTRONIC BAND STRUCTURE ENGINEERING OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALS FOR HIGH-PERFORMANCE DEVICES

Maria Yaseen, Imran Hussain

133-142
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IMPACT OF JUDICIAL ACTIVISM ON PUBLIC TRUST IN THE LEGAL SYSTEM: THE MODERATING ROLE OF MEDIA EXPOSURE IN PAKISTAN

Dr. Mahboob Ullah, Layloma Rashid, Asia Rahman Khan Lodhi, Ghulam Arbi

143-155
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HUMAN REGIONAL SECURITY IN SOUTH ASIA: A DECADE OF CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS (2015-2025)

Safia Asghar

156-174
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COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF HIGH-STRENGTH CONCRETE AND NORMAL-STRENGTH CONCRETE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Dr. M. Adil Khan, Capt (R) Ahmed Javed

175-190
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BARRIERS TO STRATEGIC HRM INTERVENTIONS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM RECRUITMENT, TRAINING CURRICULUM, AND WORK-LIFE BALANCE PRACTICES IN PUNJAB POLICE

Muhammad Shahid, Dr. Syed Muhammad Imran

191-212
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DEMOCRACY IN SOUTH ASIA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PAKISTAN AND INDIA

Anaiza Zulfiqar, Dr. Tahira Mumtaz, Misbah Naveed Akhtar

213-223
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DOES PAKISTAN'S CONSTITUTIONALISM ORCHESTRATE LIMITED GOVERNMENT?

Dr. Muhammad Asif Safdar, Prof Dr Muqarrab Akbar, Dr Saira Akram

224-231
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IMPACT OF ENABLERS AND BARRIERS FOR COMPLIANCE WITH INTERNATIONALLY ACCEPTED QUALITY STANDARDS IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY OF PAKISTAN

Haris Mehmood, Amanat Ali Jalbani

232-256
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DELAY IN JUSTICE IN HIGH-PROFILE HOMICIDE TRIALS: EVIDENCE FROM THE NOOR MUKADAM CASE IN PAKISTAN

Laiba Abbas Butt, Abbas Rashid Butt, Faisal Zia, Rizwan Ahmad

257-272
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PHYSICOCHEMICAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL, AND SENSORY EVALUATION OF COOKIES FORTIFIED WITH JUJUBE POWDER

Anum Urooj, Aimen Shabbir, Rakhshanda Hafeez, Muhammad Mudassir Rasheed, Muhammad Asif, Iqra Aslam, Tamseen Fatima, Anas Shakoor, Khadija Zaman, Aleena Faryad

273-281
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A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF SHEAR STRENGTH PREDICTION MODELS FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM–COLUMN JOINTS UNDER CYCLIC SEISMIC LOADING CONSIDERING JOINT GEOMETRY, REINFORCEMENT DETAILING, AND AXIAL LOAD INTERACTION

Dr. M. Adil Khan, Saad Hanif, Engr. Baitullah Khan Kibzai, Muazzam Nawaz

282-298
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SMARTER RISK, STRONGER BANKS: HOW MACHINE LEARNING, ACCURATE PREDICTIONS, AND BOARD OVERSIGHT ENHANCE BANKS FINANCIAL STABILITY

Sufyan Aslam, Muhammad Nisar Ahmad, Zubair Mustafa

299-315
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DISTRIBUTED LEADERSHIP MODELS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON COLLABORATIVE SCHOOL CULTURE AND TEACHER EMPOWERMENT

Abul Ala Mukhtar, Mehnaz Begum, Ameer Jan

316-324
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EFFECT OF SPORTS AND EXERCISE ON THE PHYSICAL AND MENTAL HEALTH OF SCHOOL-GOING CHILDREN

Muhammad Ikram, Humayon Zaheer, Hafiz Abdul Rauf Raufi

325-336
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MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF KNOWLEDGE TRANSMISSION IN A CLASSROOM USING THE SIR FRAMEWORK

Zohaib Ali, Abdul Rafiu Alias Furkan, Irfan Ahmed Jatoi, Hamadullah Bhutto

336-347
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WOMEN’S RIGHTS AS HUMAN RIGHTS: A LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR SOCIETAL UPLIFT IN PAKISTAN

Iqra Kiran

348-355
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SOIL SALINITY DYNAMICS AND CARBON SEQUESTRATION POTENTIAL UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE IN IRRIGATED AGROECOSYSTEMS OF PAKISTAN’S INDUS BASIN: A GEOSPATIAL AND BIOGEOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT

Rabail Urooj, Kamran Jalal, Mariam Sattar

356-365
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ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE-RESILIENT CROP VARIETIES THROUGH FUNCTIONAL GENE EXPRESSION AND YIELD PERFORMANCE IN DROUGHT-PRONE REGIONS OF PAKISTAN

Dr. Saima Shafique, Mehwish Malik, Rabail Urooj, Hafiza Shafaq Ishaq

366-374
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STRATEGIC BALANCING IN SOUTH ASIA: PAKISTAN’S FOREIGN POLICY BEHAVIOR AMID U.S.–CHINA RIVALRY AND THE EXPANSION OF THE BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE

Qazi Hussain Asghar, Dr. Zakia Malik, Rana Muhammad Maaz

374-383
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ALTRUISM, STRATEGIC VOTING, AND COLLECTIVE DECISION-MAKING: EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE FROM PUBLIC CHOICE GAMES

Dr. Shahid Razzaque

384-396
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MACHINE LEARNING-ASSISTED COMPOSITION OPTIMIZATION OF TERNARY CHALCOGENIDES FOR ENHANCED THERMOELECTRIC EFFICIENCY

Ahmad Nisar, Asad Ullah, Sana Ullah, Riaz Muhammad, Fawad Ali, Samahat Ullah, Muhammad Zaid Bukhari

397-413
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REVIEW OF MACHINE LEARNING APPLICATIONS FOR PREDICTING ULTIMATE LOAD CAPACITY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS CONFINED WITH FIBER REINFORCED POLYMER (FRP) JACKETS UNDER AXIAL COMPRESSION

Dr. M. Adil Khan, Saad Hanif, Engr. Baitullah Khan Kibzai

414-437
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TOWARDS A GREEN INVESTMENT CORRIDOR: ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE, LEGAL SAFEGUARDS, AND STRATEGIC BENEFITS OF US-PAKISTAN SUSTAINABLE INVESTMENT PARTNERSHIP

Muhammad Tahir Saleem, Dr. Ali Nawaz Khan, Zahid Ghafoor Azam Ansari, Akhtar Ali Ansari, Tahir Mahmood, Shehzadi, Ghulam Arbi

438-450
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THE CULTURAL VALUE AND TEACHING PRACTICE OF INTEGRATING HENAN TRADITIONAL NURSERY RHYMES INTO EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION PROGRAMS

Shang Yongna, Zhang Shanshan

451-459
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THE INHERITANCE AND DISSEMINATION OF HENAN FOLK SONGS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ONLINE MEDIA

Shang Yongna

460-473
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DIGITAL VS. VERBAL STORYTELLING IN TOURISM MARKETING: EFFECTS ON EMOTIONAL AROUSAL AND DESTINATION CHOICE INTENTION

Abbas Hussain, Dr. Zeeshan Ahmad

474-482
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AI ALGORITHMS AND POLITICAL INFORMATION VISIBILITY ON X IN PAKISTAN

Dr. Zeeshan Qasim

483-501
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NUTRITIONAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL, AND SENSORY CHARACTERIZATION OF GLUTEN-FREE COOKIES DEVELOPED FROM RICE, CHICKPEA, AND BANANA PEEL COMPOSITE FLOUR

Shabahat Iqbal, Anum Urooj, Maryyum Afzal, Areeba Bashir, Muhammad Mudassir Rasheed, Mahmood Khan, Muhammad Asif, Nimra Arshad, Arawat Fatima

502-516
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PERSONALIZED LEARNING AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF HIGH, AVERAGE, AND LOW ACHIEVING SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Syed Ghazanfer Abbas, Azhar Mahmood

517-533
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REVEALING HIDDEN ELECTRONIC AND OPTICAL POTENTIALS IN NOVEL DOPED MATERIALS VIA FIRST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATIONS

Waqas Arif, Hafiz Muhammad Azib Khan

534-545
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DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LOW-FAT MAYONNAISE INCORPORATING SOYBEAN PROTEIN AS A FAT REPLACER

Areeba Bashir, Rakhshanda Hafeez, Mahmood Khan, Muhammad Mudassir Rasheed, Amara Khan, Sadaf Khan, Aimen Shabbir

546-562
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A LATENCY-AWARE TASK OFFLOADING AND RESOURCE ALLOCATION FRAMEWORK FOR FOG-EDGE-CLOUD COLLABORATIVE COMPUTING IN REAL-TIME IOT APPLICATIONS

Imran Siddique

563-575
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JUDICIALIZATION OF POLITICS IN PAKISTAN: CONSTITUTIONAL COURTS, SEPARATION OF POWERS, AND DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE AFTER THE 18TH AMENDMENT

Asia Rahman Khan Lodhi, Dr. Niaz Mohammad Hamdard

576-586
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SHIFTING FROM NEUTRALITY TO EMPATHY: A CDA OF EU’S OFFICIAL RHETORIC ABOUT GAZA

Isha Razzaq Butt, Nazia Anwar

587-601
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IMPROVING ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE THROUGH QUANTITATIVE MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES

Ikhtiar Ahmed Khoso, Dr. Ashfaque Ali Banbhan, Haji Ahmed

602-621
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COMMUNITY NETWORKS AND INFORMAL GOVERNANCE: WHAT PAKISTAN CAN LEARN FROM AFGHAN REFUGEE’S COMMUNITY BUILDING

Sania Sabir Qureshi, Dr. Athar Rashid

622-636
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TAILORING ELECTRONIC AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL SEMICONDUCTORS FOR NEXT-GENERATION NANOELECTRONICS DEVICES

Muhammad Zakria, Laiba Hassan, Muhammad Asif Raza

637-648
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QUALITY OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION: A GENDER-WISE COMPARISON OF ASSISTANT EDUCATION OFFICERS’ PERCEPTIONS IN GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS OF PUNJAB

Mirza Zafar Ullah Farmayash, Dr. Muhammad Saeed

649-662
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CHARISMATIC AUTHORITY AND NATION-BUILDING: THE ROLE OF ZULFIQAR ALI BHUTTO AND SHEIKH MUJIBUR RAHMAN IN SHAPING POLITICAL IDENTITIES

Shahla Gull, Ghulam Shabbir

663-676
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A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF STEEL FIBER REINFORCEMENT EFFECTS ON POST-CRACKING BEHAVIORS AND ENERGY ABSORPTION CAPACITY OF HIGH-STRENGTH CONCRETE BEAMS UNDER FLEXURAL AND IMPACT LOADING CONDITIONS

Dr. M. Adil Khan, Saad Hanif, Syed Zamin Raza Naqvi, Muazzam Nawaz, Engr. Baitullah khan kibzai

677-697
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SECURE SOFTWARE ENGINEERING: EMBEDDING CYBERSECURITY REQUIREMENTS THROUGHOUT THE DEVELOPMENT LIFECYCLE

Ume Aksa, Nasir Umar, Zainab Naveed, Iram Shafique, Naeem Aslam, Jamil Ullah

698-703
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THE LEGAL LIMITS OF GOVERNMENT SURVEILLANCE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PRIVACY PROTECTIONS UNDER THE GDPR AND THE USA PATRIOT ACT

Rabia Razzaq

704-717
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DURABILITY AND SELF-CLEANING PERFORMANCE OF GREEN SYNTHESIZED ZNO NANOCOATINGS ON TEXTILE FABRICS: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

Aqsa, Numra Shabbir, Abeera Arshad

718-729
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FROM TRAINING TO EFFICIENCY: THE PARALLEL MEDIATING ROLES OF PERCEIVED PAY OUTCOMES AND WORK INVOLVEMENT AMONG EMPLOYEES IN A MANUFACTURING SETUP IN PAKISTAN

Dr Farhan Iqbal

730-741
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN PAKISTAN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE: FROM FORMAL COMPLIANCE TO SUBSTANTIVE ACCOUNTABILITY

Mr. Ayaz Khan, Professor Dr. Muhammad Zubair Khan

742-750
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FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND JUDICIAL REVIEW IN PAKISTAN: TOWARD A PROCEDURAL CONSTITUTIONALISM FRAMEWORK

Ayaz Khan, Dr Ashraf Ali, Prof Dr Muhammad Zubair Khan

751-760
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BUREAUCRATIC REFORMS IN PAKISTAN: CHALLENGES AND WAY FORWARD

Khizar Jawad

761-774
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SAFETY AND QUALITY EVALUATION OF COMMUNITY TAP WATER PURIFICATION PLANTS IN HARIPUR REGION, PAKISTAN

Arsalan Ahmed, Talat Mahmood, Muhammad Liaquat, Ahmed Mujtaba, Muhammad Mazahir

775-788
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INGREDINET: INTELLIGENT CNN FOR FOOD INGREDIENT RECOGNITION AND CLASSIFICATION

Mahnoor Zaman, Nosheen Fatima, Muhammad Sajid Maqbool, Dr. Naeem Aslam, Rubaina Nazeer, Hira Saleem

789-805
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CARBON DIOXIDE SEQUESTRATION FROM THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY: A REVIEW OF TECHNOLOGIES, MATERIALS, AND PATHWAYS TO CARBON-NEGATIVE INFRASTRUCTURE

Santosh Kumar Mahro, Zohaib Ali, Gul Muhammad, Sandeep Kumar, Zuhairuddin

806-812
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BLOCKCHAIN-INTEGRATED SECURE DATA MANAGEMENT ARCHITECTURE FOR FOG-EDGE NETWORKS IN HEALTHCARE MONITORING SYSTEMS

Imran Siddique, Dr. Muhammad Mohsin Nazir

813-824
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AN END-TO-END ORTHOPEDIC DISEASE IMAGE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM USING CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS

Zainab Naveed, Rubaina Nazeer, Muhammad Sajid Maqbool, Dr. Naeem Aslam, Hira Saleem, Muqadas Nadeem

837-852
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SLEEP DISORDER SCORING AUTOMATED USING ADVANCED DATA SCIENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES

Muhammad Noman, Muhammad Sajid Maqbool, Dr. Naeem Aslam, Muqadas Nadeem, Hira Saleem, Hanzla

853-868
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PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS FOR PROJECT RISK MANAGEMENT USING MACHINE LEARNING

Mahnoor Zaman, Nasir Umar, Amna Afzal, Afifa Saif

869-879
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SELF-HEALING CONCRETE COMBINED WITH NANOMATERIALS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Afsheen, Ashfaque Hussain Kaka, Muhammad Azeem, Junaid Ahmed, Suhail Ahmed Abbasi

880-886
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ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS' PERCEPTIONS OF STEAM EDUCATION: A QUALITATIVE CASE STUDY OF SUKKUR, PAKISTAN

Muhammad Aslam, Sayed Tanveer Ahmed Shah

887-901
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DEVELOPMENT OF LOW-COST NANOSTRUCTURED ADSORBENTS FROM INDIGENOUS AGRICULTURAL WASTE FOR THE REMOVAL OF EMERGING CONTAMINANTS FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER IN PAKISTAN

Maryam Noor, Sibtain Raza

902-911
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AFGHANISTAN–PAKISTAN RELATIONS AND REGIONAL SECURITY DYNAMICS AFTER THE TALIBAN TAKEOVER OF AFGHANISTAN IN THE 2021

Qazi Hussain Asghar, Nazir Muhammad, Nehal Malik

912-919
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EVALUATING CARBON FOOTPRINT EMISSIONS AND CONSTRAINTS IN THE MILK VALUE CHAIN: A CASE STUDY OF DISTRICT FAISALABAD, PAKISTAN

Mohsin Riaz, Shahid Akbar, Aramish Altaf Alvi

920-934
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EXPLORING THE PERSONALITY PROFILES OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN KOTLI, AZAD JAMMU AND KASHMIR

Dr. Muhammad Naqeeb Ul Khalil Shaheen, Taswar Hussain, Alia Masood

935-948
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INTEGRATING REMOTE SENSING AND MACHINE LEARNING FOR PREDICTING CLIMATE-INDUCED WATER SCARCITY AND AGRICULTURAL VULNERABILITY IN PAKISTAN

Sher Muhammad Ghoto, Ateeque Rahman Khooharo

949-957
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FRACTIONAL CALCULUS OPERATORS IN GEOMETRIC FUNCTION THEORY AND THEIR SEMIGROUP STRUCTURES

Maryam Nazir, Waseem Ali, Zoha Saif

958-971
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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE BASED EARLY DETECTION OF SKIN CANCER USING DERMOSCOPIC IMAGE ANALYSIS

Nazma Begum, Raheel Shahid, Ghulam Yasin, Ameer Jan

972-984
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DEEP LEARNING-BASED INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM FOR REAL-TIME CYBERSECURITY IN CLOUD COMPUTING ENVIRONMENTS

Hina Gul, Maaz Ali Mumtaz, Waqar Hussain, Ameer Jan

985-995
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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE MODELS FOR EARTHQUAKE PREDICTION AND SEISMIC HAZARD ASSESSMENT

Saad Ullah

996-1010
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POLITICAL UPHEAVAL IN PAKISTAN: A ‘FAILED DEMOCRACY’ OR A ‘BOTCHED ELECTORAL SYSTEM’? A MEDIA, SOCIETY, AND SUSTAINABILITY QUESTION

Muhammad Junaid Ghauri, Naseer Ahmed, Nadia Saleem, Qazi Farman Ullah

1011-1026
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CRISPR-CAS MEDIATED ENHANCEMENT OF DROUGHT AND SALINITY TOLERANCE IN STAPLE CROPS OF PAKISTAN: A SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE APPROACH

Dr. Saima Shafique, Dr. Humaira Naz, Dr. Faryal Gohar

1027-1034
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ENTREPRENEURS' PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL AND PERCEIVED FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: UNVEILING THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF BURNOUT THROUGH THE JD-R MODEL

Sarfraz Ali Malak, Dr. Ahsan-ul Haque Shaikh, Nadir Ali Lanjwani, Bakhtawar Memon

1035-1054
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SHARIAH-COMPLIANT GREEN BONDS AND ESG FINANCING: POTENTIAL FOR ISLAMIC FINANCE IN CHINA’S CARBON-NEUTRAL GOALS BY 2060’

Asim Aziz, Saira Naheed

1055-1068
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CYBERCRIME-ORIENTED AND DIGITALIZED FINANCE FRAUD IN PAKISTAN: A CASE OF FRAUD-AS-A-SERVICE (FAAS)

Muhammad Fahad, Saira Naheed

1069-1079
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AI-DRIVEN PREDICTION AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTAL METHANE CONVERSION IN TRI-REFORMING CATALYSTS

Subhan Azeem, Nadeem Hassan, Muhammad Ashraf

1080-1091
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PREDICTION OF HYDROGEN YIELD AND METHANE CONVERSION IN METHANE PYROLYSIS USING A CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK

Subhan Azeem, Nadeem Hassan, Muhammad Ashraf

1092-1109
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DEEP CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK FOR AUTOMATED CLASSIFICATION OF RICE LEAF DISEASES USING A PUBLICLY AVAILABLE DATASET

Nazir Ahmad, Malik Asim Rajwana, Asim Abdul Qadir

1110-1119
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US-IRAN PEACE TALKS: PAKISTAN’S ROLE AS A PEACE MEDIATOR

Dr. Muhammad Tariq, Samia Mushtaq

1120-1125
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X’S POLITICAL PULSE: AWAKENING AWARENESS AMONG PAKISTANI YOUTH

Sahil Amir, Ibrahim Zaidi, Yafat Nadeem, Ali Bhadur

1126-1136
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MIGRATION DIPLOMACY AND REFUGEE DYNAMICS: THE AFGHAN INFLUX AND ITS IMPACT ON PAKISTAN’S FOREIGN POLICY AND BORDER SECURITY

Sabeen Azam, Dr. Faisal Javaid, Dr. Robert Czulda

1137-1149
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DEEP LEARNING MODELS FOR DISEASE AND PEST DETECTION IN CROPS USING MULTISPECTRAL AND HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING

Waqar Hussain, Dr. Fakeeha Fatima, Syed Muhammad Junaid Hassan, Ameer Jan

1150-1162
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EFFECTIVENESS OF BOARD STRUCTURE MODELS AND FIRM'S PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM PAKISTAN'S TEXTILE SECTOR

Muhammad Saad Khan, Khurram Iftikhar

1163-1178
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GRAPH THEORY BASED NETWORK OPTIMIZATION USING SHORTEST PATH ALGORITHMS AND MACHINE LEARNING INTEGRATION TECHNIQUES

Sabira, Abdul Rehman Nangraj, Samad Ali Dahri

1179-1194
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