CONTEMPORARY APICULTURE: BIOLOGY OF APIS MELLIFERA, MANAGEMENT PRACTICES, POLLINATION ECOLOGY, AND EMERGING CHALLENGES

Abstract

Apiculture is a vital agricultural activity that contributes to environmental sustainability, meals security and financial improvement in rural areas. The honey bee is likewise a vital pollinator, enhancing productivity and excellent of many plants worldwide. Except honey, beeswax, royal jelly, propolis and pollen are beneficial merchandise with nutritional, medicinal and business values. The importance of apiculture has been increased in the present farming system due to the rising demand of natural food products and environment friendly farming practices across the world. Similarly, beekeeping is a good supply of profits and employment for rural groups because it involves low investment and it may be finished alongside different farming sports. Apiculture industry has economic and ecological blessings but additionally has many challenges such as weather exchange, habitat destruction, and overexposure to pesticides, and threats from pests and illnesses that negatively affect bee populations and the health of colonies. Therefore, sustainable beekeeping, clinical hive control and conservation practices are necessary to preserve honey bee populations and obtain agricultural sustainability. The paper stresses the importance of apiculture, ecological and economic values of honey bees, important honey bee products and problems of modern beekeeping.