Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Policy Research Journal

View Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Policy Research Journal

Published: 2026-02-03

Articles

NEED FOR SPECIAL COURTS IN FOOD SAFETY ADJUDICATION: A STUDY OF LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN CONTEXT OF PUNJAB

Hafiz Attaullah Burhan, Javed Iqbal, Ali Raza Laghari

1-12
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SCHOOL-BASED GENDER DISCRIMINATION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELLBEING AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS IN GOVERNMENT SECONDARY SCHOOLS: A MULTILEVEL STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING STUDY

Sumaira Aslam, Sundos Bajwa

13-32
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SEISMIC PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDINGS USING PERFORMANCE-BASED DESIGN

Dr. Shimza Jamil, Aalia Faiz, Sumra Yousuf

33-47
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REFORMING CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM: THE CRITICAL NEED FOR WITNESS PROTECTION PROGRAMS IN PAKISTAN RESEARCHER

Shumaila Halepoto, Rehana Anjum, Arun Barkat

48-59
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SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS PRACTICES AND EFFECT ON CORPORATE PROFITABILITY

Muzammil Aslam, Sheikh Muhammad Ali

60-74
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PHYSICS-GUIDED DESIGN AND FUNCTIONALIZATION OF ADVANCED NANOMATERIALS FOR EMERGING TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS

Saman Shams, Sidra, Waqar Yousaf, Abdullah, Wajeeha Anjum

75-80
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EXPLORING SHARIAH-COMPLIANT MARKET BENCHMARK ALTERNATIVES FOR ISLAMIC FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS

Muhammad Saffi ur Rehman, Saqib Munir, Ayesha Saeed, Sundus Zeb

81-92
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PALESTINE-ISRAEL CONFLICT: LATEST DEVELOPMENTS AND PATHWAYS TO RESOLUTION

Dr. Muhammad Tariq, Summiya Raza, Daniyal Adil

93-101
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EFFECT OF WASTE PUMICE AGGREGATE ON DENSITY, WORKABILITY, AND COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE

Dr. M. Adil Khan, Muhammad Naveed Khalil, Saad Hanif, Syed Zamin Raza Naqvi

102-112
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FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ALMOND MILK POWDER SUPPLEMENTED WITH PUMPKIN SEED POWDER FOR PHYSICOCHEMICAL, BIO-FUNCTIONAL, AND ORGANOLEPTIC PROPERTIES

Saria Yousaf, Aleena Faryad, Aimen Shabbir, Mahmood Khan, Aksefatima Yaqoob, Iqra Ramzan, Ayesha Usman, Maham Zulfiaqar, Anas Shakoor, Mahnoor Tanveer

113-123
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MECHANICAL AND DURABILITY PERFORMANCE OF TERNARY BLEND CONCRETE INCORPORATING FLY ASH AND SUGARCANE BAGASSE ASH

Dr. M. Adil Khan, Saad Hanif, Syed Zamin Raza Naqvi

124-142
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IOT DATA-DRIVEN INTRUSION DETECTION: HARNESSING ENSEMBLE TECHNIQUES FOR ENHANCED SECURITY

Muhammad Zain, Naeem Aslam, Hira Saleem, Ali hamza, Zeerak Zahid, Sikandar Hanif

153-167
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SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ZINC-DOPED CARBON DOTS FOR ENHANCED FLUORESCENCE APPLICATIONS

Saima Akram, Muhammad Amir Abbas, Jamaluddin Mahar, Muhammad Shahid Rasool, Muhammad Junaid

168-177
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WORLD POLITICS IN INDO-PACIFIC, A CASE STUDY OF AMBITION FOR GREAT POWERS

Mobin Ahmad Khan, Prof. Dr Sajjad Ali Khan

178-182
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SOIL EROSION SUSCEPTIBILITY MAPPING USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS OF DISTRICT KOHAT, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PAKISTAN

Mehran Ahmad, Maryam Khalid, Umair Aftab Choudary, Saqib Ullah, Muhammad Ishfaq, Zeeshan Khattak, Sobia Rani

196-218
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DIGITAL LEARNING ADOPTION AND EDUCATIONAL INEQUALITY: A COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION OF ACCESS, EQUITY, AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

Zia Ur Rahman, Dr. Ali Gul Bugti, Rizwana Abdul Hakeem, Dr. Naeem Khattak, Ishrat Ashraf, Sarwat Rauf, Hafiz Yaseen Khan, Abdul Haseeb

219-232
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FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GRANOLA BAR SUPPLEMENTED WITH FLAXSEED AND BANANA PEEL POWDER FOR COMPOSITIONAL, BIOFUNCTIONAL, AND SENSORIAL ATTRIBUTES

Zainab Atique, Marriam Aftab, Ayesha Usman, Saba Ahmed, Aleena Faryad, Murium Sultan, Binish Almas, Kinza Fatima, Muhammad Asif

233-242
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INVESTIGATING THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN STEAM EDUCATION: A CORRELATIONAL STUDY OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS OF UPPER SINDH, PAKISTAN

Hatim Ali, Hafsa Lakho, Dr. Sayyed Tanweer Ahmed Shah

243-259
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JUSTICEPUR: WHY PEOPLE, NOT PROFIT, MUST GUIDE URBAN INTERVENTIONS

Bilal Mahmood Sulehri

260-268
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ADVERSARIAL TRAFFIC GENERATION FOR IDS EVASION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF AIDAE AND SGAN-BASED APPROACHES

Sana Mukhtar, Fazilat Bibi, Rafia Nouman, Talha Riaz, M Inam-ur-Rehman, Muhammad Shaheer, Minahil Fatima

269-291
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AI-ASSISTED PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS FOR ROAD-TO-RAIL FREIGHT MODAL SHIFT AND TRANSPORT DECARBONIZATION

Ali Nawaz Sanjrani, Attaullah Narejo, Sadiq Ali Shah, Nouman Qadeer Soomro, Ameer Amanullah Sanjrani, Waqar Hussain

292-306
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THE STRATEGY OF WINNING HEARTS AND MINDS: AN EVALUATION

Mah Noor Rizwan, Zia Ul Haque Shamsi

307-314
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PAK-AFGHAN STALEMATE: SEARCH FOR RAPPROCHEMENT

Dr. Muhammad Tariq, Yasir Mahmood Hameed Ullah, Altaf Hussain

315-320
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PATERNALISM IN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW AND ITS IMPACT ON FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS IN PAKISTAN

Farid Ullah, Shamaim Ali, Aiman Wazir

321-338
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AI-DRIVEN PREDICTIVE MODELLING OF BIOMASS THERMAL DEGRADATION USING THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS DATA AND ADVANCED MACHINE LEARNING

Nadeem Hassan, Subhan Azeem, Abdul Manan Razzaq

339-352
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THE PRINCIPLE OF UNIVERSAL JURISDICTION IN THE 21ST CENTURY: ACCOUNTABILITY FOR WAR CRIMES BEYOND TERRITORIAL BOUNDARIES

Zainab Kausar, Ali Raza Laghari, Ghulam Arbi, Muhammad Asif Chohan

353-367
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ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY AND PAKISTAN’S FOREIGN POLICY: ANALYZING TRADE RELATIONS IN THE POST-2021 AFGHAN SCENARIO

Sahib Ur Rehman, Dr. Muhammad Rizwan

368-377
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DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF EDIBLE PAPER FROM DIFFERENT VEGETABLES: A NOVEL APPROACH TOWARDS BIODEGRADABLE AND SUSTAINABLE PRIMARY PACAKAGING

Saniya Tayyab, Alishba Khan, Anisha Rehman, Bisma Qadir, Aamna Sultan, Hunza Arshad, Anum Liaquat, Safila Naveed

401-408
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MARITIME GOVERNANCE IN THE 21ST CENTURY: LEGAL AND POLICY CHALLENGES IN 2025-26

Tooba Aslam Khan

409-423
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THE ASSESSMENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS CONCERNING GENDER

Amreen, Faiza Batool

424-432
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IMPACT OF ETHICAL LEADERSHIP ON EMPLOYEE’S CREATIVITY BY UNDERPINNING THE ROLE OF EMPLOYEE’S GREEN BEHAVIOUR

Dr. Shahbaz Hussain, Dr. Naila Maqsood, Haroon Rasheed Khan, Dr. Nouman Afgan

433-450
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ASSESSING FOREST DYNAMICS OF AYUBIA NATIONAL PARK: LINKING CLIMATIC VARIABILITY AND LAND USE LAND COVER CHANGE USING GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES

Teenat Ghina, Aamir Shakeel, Ziad Raza, Tahir Iqbal

451-458
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A STUDY TO ASSESS THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE REGARDING INFECTION CONTROL PRACTICES AMONG NURSES

Noor, Nisha Warren Joseph, Aasandas, Muhammad Rafique, Syed Uzma Paiam Bukhari, Imtiaz Ali Kalhoro, Sehrish Imtiaz, Raheel Royl

459-471
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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND DATA-DRIVEN MARKETING STRATEGIES: EXAMINING THEIR INFLUENCE ON BRAND PERFORMANCE IN THE UNITED STATES AND PAKISTAN

Muhammad Tahir Saleem, Shehzadi, Dr. Ali Nawaz Khan, Tahir Mahmood

472-486
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CHILD LABOUR PATTERNS IN PAKISTAN AND ITS REGIONS/AREAS (2016–2022): EVIDENCE FROM MICS AND CHILD LABOUR SURVEYS

Dr. Syed Ghulam Haider Kazmi, Tayyab Ilyas, Hina Kazmi, Khuram Hussain Shah

487-505
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EXPLORING THE AMELIORATIVE EFFECTS OF ANETHUM GRAVEOLENS AND FOENICULUM VULGARE SEEDS ON DYSLIPIDEMIA: A COMPARATIVE EFFICACY IN HIGH FAT DIET-INDUCED MODEL

Anum Urooj, Fatima Mumtaz, Aimen Shabbir, Murium Sultan, Syeda Maryam Batool Tirmazi, Muhammad Sajjad Sarwar, Shabahat Iqbal, Muhammad Asif

506-527
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PHONOLOGICAL VARIATIONS IN REGIONAL ACCENTS: A CASE STUDY OF PASHTO DIALECT

Sangeen Hassan Khan

528-534
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FAMILY SETUP DURING URBAN PHASE OF 2600-1900 BCE: AN ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL STRATIFICATION IN INDUS CIVILIZATION

Dr. Tooba Shafaq

535-552
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PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES AND LANGUAGE POLICY IN PAKISTAN: A CASE STUDY OF PAKISTANI PARLIAMENT

Sangeen Hassan Khan

553-562
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FRAGILE DETERRENCE UNDER SYSTEMIC COMPRESSION: ESCALATION DYNAMICS AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF WARFARE IN SOUTH ASIA

Atif Anwer Dar

563-566
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CAUSES OF TEACHERS’ JOB STRESS IN PRIVATE SCHOOLS AND COPING STRATEGIES

Syed Umar Ali Shah, Jehanzeb Khan Orakzai, Asfandeyar Fida, Aasia Siraj

567-578
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MULTI-SCALE THERMO-FLUID OPTIMIZATION OF HIGH-EFFICIENCY ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS USING COUPLED COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL FRAMEWORK

Hozaifah Shahadat Ali, Imran Hussain

579-591
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SMART GRID INTEGRATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES FOR SUSTAINABLE POWER SYSTEMS IN PAKISTAN

M Haris Aman, Raja Abdul Wasay Minhas, Muhammad Sohail Sattar

592-600
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HYDROGEOLOGICAL MODELING OF AQUIFER SYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABLE GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT

Mohsin Ali, Muhammad Naveed Khalil, Fazal Ur Rehman

601-609
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ASSESSING AI INTEGRATION IN EDUCATION: A COMBINED TAM AND STIMULUS–ORGANISM–RESPONSE FRAMEWORK: A CASE STUDY OF PUBLIC SECTOR UNIVERSITIES OF PAKISTAN

Dr. Rao Arif Mahmood Khan, Muhammad Kamal, Dr. Rabia Mumtaz

610-621
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THE EVOLUTION OF SOVEREIGNTY: HISTORICAL ROOTS, LEGAL DEVELOPMENT, AND CONTEMPORARY PERSPECTIVES

Hassan Zaman, Arooj Un Nissa Awan, Dr. Ali Nawaz Khan, Tahir Mahmood, Akhtar Ali Ansari, Mohsin Ehsan

622-630
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HYDROGEOLOGICAL MODELING OF AQUIFER SYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABLE GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT

Mohsin Ali, Muhammad Naveed Khalil, Fazal Ur Rehman, Engr. Omer Farooq

631-639
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PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS FOR BUSINESS PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT

Haji Ahmed, Ikhtiar Ahmed Khoso, Masood Abass Khoso

640-655
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A DIGITAL TWIN-ASSISTED MOBILITY PREDICTION MODEL FOR SEAMLESS TASK HANDOVER IN IOV-ENABLED FOG COMPUTING

Imran Siddique, Dr. Mazhar Bukhari

656-668
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TEACHERS PERFORMANCE OF AIOU GRADUATES IN DISTRICT KOTLI, AJ&K: AN ANALYSIS

Dr. Muhammad Naqeeb Ul Khalil Shaheen, Sulma Farooq, Alia Masood, Fatima Ashraf, Rimsha Yaqoob

669-679
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